Abstract
There are various techniques for the mechanical preparation of the root canal system using rotary instruments, each with its own unique approach. One notable method is reciprocating movement, which is often recognized for its prospective benefits over traditional techniques. This study delves into the fundamental characteristics of reciprocating movement in endodontic instruments, highlighting the specific benefits and drawbacks of this approach when compared to the full rotational movement and other kinematics. To conduct this research, a detailed search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases by means of the search builder from January 2008 to December 2025. There were no language restrictions. Through this exploration, we aim to provide knowledge on the advantages or drawbacks of reciprocating movement in comparison to other kinematics used in endodontic root canal preparation. Based on the outcomes of this study, the use of reciprocating systems could be beneficial for glide path creation and canal preparation, particularly in anatomically challenging cases.